783 results found for Louis E. Frenzel, displaying items 1 - 20
October 29, 2009
[TechView: Communications] SAW Oscillator Competes For Clock Duties Against Entrenched Crystal Oscillators
Crystal oscillators dominate the clock circuit space because of their superior precision, stability, and low cost. But Epson Toyocom offers some very attractive alternatives. Its EG-4101/4121A SAW oscillator has the stability and performance to challenge crystal oscillators in wireless basestations and LAN and SAN applications.
October 20, 2009
[TechView: Communications] Low-Power Short-Range Radio IC Simplifies Product Wireless
Adding wireless capability has never been easier with RFM’s TRC105 transceiver, which covers from 300 to 510 MHz. It enables two-way wireless communications in a wide range of applications, including automated meter reading (AMR), medical, home and industrial automation, security systems, two-way remote keyless entry (RKE), automobile immobilizers, asset tracking systems, sports and recreation equipment, low-power two-way telemetry systems, wireless toys, and controlled entry/access.
October 13, 2009
[TechView: Communications] SoC Integrates DSL, Wi-Fi, And Cordless Phone Functionality
Integrating more circuits onto smaller pieces of silicon real estate, the system-on-a-chip (SoC) is becoming the new norm in semiconductor devices. Broadcom’s BCM6362 is riding that wave, with an ADSL2+ modem, an 802.11n wireless local-area network (WLAN) transceiver, a Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) cordless telephone circuit, and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) in a single 65-nm device.
October 13, 2009
[TechView: Communications] Fast Crosspoint Switches Implement Migration To 10-Gbit Networking
If you’re designing core/metro routers, blade servers, network storage equipment, broadcast video routers, and other gear with physical-layer switches, you now can have a fast crosspoint switch to do the job. Vitesse Semiconductor’s VSC3314-11 and VSC3316 can switch, transmit, and recover high-speed signals over lossy PCBs, backplanes, and cable.
October 13, 2009
[TechView: Communications] Clock Generator Beats All Jitter Specs For Broadcast Video Apps
The highly integrated Si5324 clock IC from Silicon Laboratories is optimized for professional broadcast video applications. It replaces traditional multi-component video PLL solutions with a single clock IC while providing 80% less jitter than competing solutions. It's ideal for video capture, conversion, editing, display, and distribution equipment that must be synchronized within video studios.
October 8, 2009[Engineering Essentials] Wireless In The Works
If you blink, you’ll probably miss the latest announcement of a wireless standard under development. Short-range wireless standards in the works include the latest version of Wi-Fi, an ISA standard called ISA 100a, and a smart-grid version of 802.11.4. The 802.11 working group, known as Very High Throughput (VHT), is looking at ways to extend the data rate to 1 Gbit/s and beyond using the popular Wi-Fi standard and protocol. It’s examining the 60-GHz band as an option, plus...
October 8, 2009[Engineering Essentials] Don't Be Intimidated By Low-Power RF System Design
Adding wireless connectivity to any product has never been easy. However, even when a wireless solution doesn’t seem to make sense, the potential exists. The cost is reasonable, and you add unexpected value and flexibility to the product. But what if you aren’t a wireless engineer? Don’t worry, because in many cases, the wireless chip and module companies have made such connectivity a snap. SELECTING A TECHNOLOGY The...
October 8, 2009[TechView: Communications] Man-Wearable Radio Implements Movable Tactical Mesh Network
Engineers in industrial environments probably have felt the need to connect some serial port device of interest to their Ethernet local-area network (LAN). Industrial devices still widely use RS-232 serial interfaces because of their robust nature. But making them accessible via your regular Ethernet LAN is tricky at best—at least, it used to be. The B&B Electronics Vlinx ESP211-232 mini serial server solves this problem (...
October 8, 2009[Technology Report] All Hail OFDM
Virtually all major new wireless technologies, including WiMAX and LTE, are based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), which has emerged as the wireless spectral efficiency leader. As long as you have the spectrum, you can get more bits per hertz than almost any other technology. It also has an inherent way to implement an access scheme for multiple users. On top of that, it’s a great fit with multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO),...
October 8, 2009[Technology Report] The 4G Wireless Showdown: LTE Versus WiMAX
The development of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and WiMAX has become, well, long term. Both technologies use advanced methods like orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) (see “All Hail OFDM”). They’re also fully IP-based (Internet Protocol), offering high-speed data capability to deliver fast Internet access and advanced...
September 30, 2009
[TechView: Communications] Connect Any RS-232 Device To Your LAN
Engineers in industrial environments probably have felt the need to connect some serial port device of interest to their Ethernet LAN. Industrial devices still widely use RS-232 serial interfaces because of their robust nature. But making them accessible via your regular Ethernet LAN is tricky at best—at least, it used to be. The B&B Electronics Vlinx ESP211-232 mini serial server solves this problem.
September 24, 2009[TechView: Communications] Cable TV Tuners Deliver Higher Performance WIth Ultra-Low Power Consumption
MaxLinear developed its MxL20xRF family of silicon tuners for the global digital cable market. These devices target set-top-boxes (STBs), digital video recorders (DVRs), cable modems, embedded multimedia terminal adapters (EMTAs), cable gateways, and cable-enabled televisions. The MxL20xRF family uses MaxLinear’s proprietary digital CMOS process to deliver the highest performance in accordance with the ANSI/ SCTE40, DOCSIS/EURODOCSIS, and ITU-T...
September 24, 2009[TechView: Communications] Dual RF Tuner Brings Flexibility To Satellite Set-Top Boxes
Satellite TV installations use a set-top box (STB) that works with a remote low-noise block (LNB) converter at the antenna so the Ku band signals (10.95 to 14.5 GHz) are downconverted to the 950- to 2150-MHz range, making them more friendly to the coax connection between the LNB and STB. But this creates compromises in multi-set installations, as extra wiring is often needed. Any other special arrangement typically results in a more complex and...
September 10, 2009
[TechView: Communications] WLAN Chips Lower Cost And Complexity Of Home Gateway Products
The XWAY WAVE 1000 family of single-chip wireless local-area network (WLAN) ICs from Infineon provide a high-performance and cost-effective solution for wireless network access points that comply with the 802.11n draft standard for data rates up to 150 Mbits/s as well as the 802.11 b/g standard.
September 10, 2009[Engineering Feature] A Word About RF Power Transistors
MOSFETs used in cellular and other PAs are virtually 100% discrete RF power transistors. The laterally diffused metal-on-silicon (LDMOS) FETs are the most popular type. Freescale Semiconductor is a leader here, with a wide range of devices. The company’s recent products include the MRF8S9100H/HS, which operates in the 920- to 960-MHz range. It’s designed for class AB or C operations in GSM/EDGE systems. It can deliver 45-W average power, a gain of 19.1 dB, and an...
September 10, 2009[Engineering Feature] Thinking In dBm
When you think of power, you think of watts. It’s a different story with RF PAs, though. Not only is the gain of the amplifier given in dB, but the power output also is normally quoted in dBm. Get used to it. Just as a reminder, the gain is computed with the familiar formula: dB = 10 log (Po/Pi) Power output is computed with a 1-mW reference: dBm = 10 log (Po/0.001) Po = 0.001...
September 10, 2009[Engineering Feature] Key Power-Amplifier Specifications
Adjacent-channel power ratio (ACPR): The ratio of the integrated signal interference power in an adjacent channel to the integrated power in the desired channel Error vector magnitude (EVM): A measure of the distortion in the I-Q constellation diagram of a signal due to phase or amplitude differences; it’s the length of the error vector drawn from the ends of the vector to the desired...
September 10, 2009[Engineering Feature] Leading-Edge Products Help Designers Put A Stopper In The Power Amp's Power Drain
Transmitter power amplifiers (PAs) consume more power than any other circuit in today’s wireless applications. In some cases, PAs swallow up more than 50% of the power budget. Also, their inefficiency produces excessive wasted power as heat. With cellular basestations joining the green trend and cell phones including ever more features and multiple radios that shorten battery life, the industry is turning its attention to the PA. One main factor causes the PA’s...
August 27, 2009[TechView: Communications] RF Front-End Modules For Bluetooth And ZigBee Simplify Layout And Cut Costs
Front-end modules are becoming hot wireless products because of the great benefits that they bring. The â??front endâ?? is usually considered the receiver low-noise amplifier (LNA), the transmitter power amplifier (PA), and the transmit/ receive (Tx/Rx) switch, as well as any additional impedance matching or filter components. In past designs, all of these components were individual parts that required extra design attention not to mention...
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