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345 results found, displaying items 181 - 200
Low-Side Current-Sensing Circuit Uses Synchronous V-To-F Converter
A voltage-to-frequency converter (VFC) can easily measure current flow and convert it to a digital signal understood by the timer/counter input of a microcomputer (µC) or microprocessor. It's a straightforward task to add a single opto-isolator...
Composite Amplifier Boosts Precision Of Programmable Voltage Source
Engineers often need dc voltage sources with very high precision and good resistive and/or capacitive load-driving capability for industrial applications. However, precision benchtop power supplies can be very expensive if high accuracy also is...
Cancel Multiplexed DAC's Output Error, And Add A Sign Bit
In some applications, like dataloggers, it's desirable to have many multiplexed analog outputs. As only a single output is active at once, a voltage-output digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and an analog multiplexer can do this. You can use this kind...
Digitally Adjust Regulator's Output Using A JFET Interface
Often, electronic systems are guaranteed to operate with any supply voltage, within a given VCC range. Testing these circuits requires a regulated voltage supply that can be automatically incremented, from a minimum to a certain maximum....
Simple PWM Signal Generator Suits Backlight LCD Applications
In LCD backlight applications, a dc-to-ac inverter drives cold-cathode fluorescent lamps. The inverter's input comes from the display's power supply. Currently, it spans from 12 to 18 V. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) dimming, or digital dimming, can...
Consider The "Deboo" Integrator For Unipolar Noninverting Designs
The design of a standard inverting integrator is simple when bipolar supplies are available, but it's cumbersome with a unipolar supply. To allow adequate headroom for the output, the circuit must be biased away from ground, often at half the supply...
Programmable Schmitt Triggers Are Digitally Controlled
The circuit in Figure 1 is a single-supply version of a programmable Schmitt trigger, or a comparator with hysteresis. A comparator, A1, and a digitally programmable potentiometer (DPP1) are used for the...
High-Q Bandpass Filter Is Well Suited To Current-Mode Signal Processing
Analog signal processing has conventionally been viewed as a voltage-dominated form of design. But voltage-mode processing can restrict the system's dynamic range. There is also a limitation on the input range of signals for linear operation. An...
Interface 20-Bit Sigma-Delta ADCs Through A PC's Parallel Port
In most sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) applications, the serial data transfer occurs through a serial port. A microcontroller configures the serial port as required—setting the baud rate and stop/start bits, initializing the serial...
Read Temperature With One Digital Output And One Digital Input
Before the MAX6629/30/31/32 series of temperature sensors were available, all digital-output temperature sensors were I2C (alternatively called SMBus) sensors that had to be written to for addressing, before they were read. Prior SPI...
Pre-Warped Drive Signal Reduces Actuator Hysteresis Error
Many displacement transducers exhibit hysteresis in their response to drive signals. To observe this behavior, drive the actuator with a triangle wave while measuring the actuator response with a linear position transducer. Then, display the command...
Composite Instrumentation Amp Extends CMRR Frequency Range 10 Times
Instrumentation amplifiers are the building blocks commonly used in industrial, medical, and military systems. The primary benefit of such a component is its ability to reject common-mode signals while amplifying a differential-input...
High-Efficiency Inverter Drives Compact Fluorescent
The inverter circuit shown is designed to drive a 7-W, four-pin compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) from a 12-V dc power supply. The main features of this inverter circuit include direct-drive capability, preheat for improved startup, high efficiency, and...
Temperature-Sensor Circuit Provides Dual-Slope Output
The excellent linearity of integrated-circuit temperature sensors makes them ideal for direct analog compensation of the thermally induced errors inherent in many circuits. For example, a negative-sloped temperature sensor could compensate for an...
Dual Digital Pot Creates Accurate, Temperature-Stable Amp
Digital potentiometers enable systems designers to program resistive values in the circuit during initial calibration or even later on, during normal operation of the circuit. This ability permits the dynamic alteration of the circuit conditions,...
Noncascaded Arrangement Optimizes Bridged Amplifiers
Low-voltage systems that drive loudspeakers often employ a bridged-amplifier configuration that effectively doubles the voltage swing at the transducer (speaker). In a typical bridge-amplifier circuit, an ac-coupled inverting stage with...
High-Speed Noninverting Summing Amplifier Operates To 220 MHz
The schematic in Figure 1 is a common summing amplifier with multiple inputs and one single-ended output. It is a variation of a standard inverting amplifier. Point X is a virtual ground and is referred to...
SOT-223 High-Voltage Transistor Creates LCD Heater
Occasionally, components cannot be obtained that function over the full temperature range of a product. For example, LCDs have a very limited operating-temperature range of typically 10°C to 50°C. One way to eliminate complications at the...
16-Bit PWM Optoisolated DAC Is PC-Controlled
There was a time when an "honest" (e.g., DNL < 1/2 LSB) 16-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) was an expensive, premium component. Nowadays they're almost jellybeans—almost. Some applications, however, can still benefit from multichip...
Window Comparator Enhances Integrator Circuit's Flexibility
A simple to use window comparator can make short work of integrator, antiwindup, and reset circuits. Control systems that incorporate an integrator stage need some form of integrator reset or antiwindup function. An integrator drifts with time and...
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